Claudia Sheinbaum

Claudia Sheinbaum

Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo (born June 24, 1962) is a Mexican politician, scientist, and academic, currently serving as the 66th president of Mexico since October 1, 2024, making her the first woman to hold this office. She previously served as the Head of Government of Mexico City from 2018 to 2023.

Claudia Sheinbaum
66th President of Mexico
Head of Government of Mexico City
Mayor of Tlalpan
Secretary of the Environment of the Federal District
Personal details
Sheinbaum in 2025
Assumed office
1 October 2024
In office
5 December 2018 – 16 June 2023
In office
1 October 2015 – 6 December 2017
In office
5 December 2000 – 15 May 2006
Preceded byAndrés Manuel López Obrador
Preceded byJosé Ramón Amieva
Succeeded byMartí Batres
Preceded byHéctor Hugo Hernández Rodríguez
Succeeded byFernando Hernández Palacios
Head of GovernmentAndrés Manuel López Obrador
Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez
Preceded byAlejandro Encinas Rodríguez
Succeeded byEduardo Vega López
Born
Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo


24 June 1962 (age 62)
Mexico City, Mexico

Political partyMorena (since 2014)
Other political
affiliations		Party of the Democratic Revolution (1989–2014)
Spouses
Carlos Ímaz Gispert
​
​

(m. 1987; div. 2016)

Jesús María Tarriba
​

(m. 2023)​

Children1
Parent(s)Carlos Sheinbaum Yoselevitz (father)
Annie Pardo Cemo (mother)
ResidenceNational Palace
Education
  • National Autonomous University of Mexico (BS, MS, PhD)
Signature

A trained scientist, Sheinbaum obtained her Doctorate in energy engineering from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). She has published over 100 articles and two books related to energy, the environment, and sustainable development, and contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. She was named one of BBC’s 100 Women in 2018. In 1989, Sheinbaum became a member of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). She held the position of Secretary of the Environment in Mexico City under Andrés Manuel López Obrador from 2000 to 2006. In 2014, Sheinbaum left the PRD to join López Obrador's new party, Morena. From 2015 to 2017, she served as mayor of the Tlalpan borough, focusing on crime reduction and zoning law enforcement.

In June 2023, Sheinbaum resigned from her position as head of Mexico City to pursue the presidential nomination for Morena in the 2024 election. She won the party's nomination in September 2023 and later won the general election in June 2024, securing a decisive victory against PAN's candidate Xóchitl Gálvez. She assumed office as president on October 1, 2024. In December 2024, Forbes ranked her as the fourth most powerful woman in the world. Sheinbaum was born into a secular Mexican Jewish family in Mexico City. Her father, Carlos Sheinbaum, was a chemist of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and her mother, Annie Pardo, was a biologist from a Sephardic Jewish family. Her parents were active in left-wing political movements in the 1960s.

Sheinbaum completed her undergraduate degree in physics at UNAM in 1989 and later earned her master's and Ph.D. in energy engineering. She worked at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, researching energy use in Mexico’s transportation sector. She became a faculty member at UNAM's Institute of Engineering in 1995 and won awards for her contributions to engineering research. Her early political career began during her time as a student at UNAM, where she was involved with the founding youth movement of the PRD. She served as Secretary of the Environment in Mexico City from 2000 to 2006, overseeing key projects such as the Metrobús system and Mexico City's second story of the Anillo Periférico. In 2014, she joined Morena after López Obrador’s split from the PRD.

Sheinbaum was elected mayor of Tlalpan in 2015, winning with a focus on improving public services, reducing corruption, and implementing social programs. In 2017, she resigned to run for Head of Government of Mexico City, and she later won in 2018 as a candidate for the Juntos Haremos Historia coalition. During her tenure in Tlalpan, Sheinbaum faced criticism after a controversial chapel demolition in 2016. The incident involved a wall being torn down near a chapel in Tlalpan, leading to some public backlash. Additionally, she was criticized for the handling of the Enrique Rébsamen School collapse in 2017, where the school’s failure during an earthquake resulted in casualties. Despite investigations into the school's violations, Sheinbaum faced criticism for not addressing the issues in time.

Early Political Involvement:

  • Joined the PRD: Sheinbaum became involved in politics in the late 1980s, joining the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), a left-wing political party.

Secretary of the Environment (2000-2006):

  • Secretary of the Environment in Mexico City: She served as the Secretary of the Environment for Mexico City during Andrés Manuel López Obrador's mayoral tenure (2000-2006). In this role, Sheinbaum implemented environmental initiatives such as reducing pollution, promoting renewable energy, and launching the bike-sharing program "Ecobici."

Mexico City Mayor (2018–Present):

  • Elected Mayor of Mexico City: In 2018, Sheinbaum ran as a candidate for the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) party, founded by Andrés Manuel López Obrador. She became the first woman to be elected Mayor of Mexico City with a significant victory.
  • Key Policies: As mayor, Sheinbaum focused on social welfare, public transportation improvements, security, and environmental sustainability. She has worked to reduce inequality, expand public health services, and address urban challenges.

2024 Presidential Prospects:

  • Potential Presidential Candidate: As a close ally of AMLO, Sheinbaum has emerged as a potential candidate for the 2024 Mexican Presidential Election under the MORENA party. Her leadership as mayor and alignment with AMLO's policies position her as a prominent figure in national politics.

Presidency (2024–present)

Claudia Sheinbaum assumed the presidency of Mexico on October 1, 2024, after receiving the presidential sash from Ifigenia Martínez, the president of the Congress. She became the first woman and the first person with predominantly Jewish heritage to hold the office. During her inauguration, Sheinbaum thanked her predecessor, pledged responsible fiscal policies, and reassured foreign investors. Her inauguration was attended by representatives from 105 countries, including 16 heads of state and 23 delegates from international organizations. Notably, Brazilian President Lula da Silva, Chilean President Gabriel Boric, Colombian President Gustavo Petro, former German President Christian Wulff, and U.S. First Lady Jill Biden were present. However, King Felipe VI of Spain was not invited due to his refusal to respond to a 2019 letter from López Obrador requesting an apology for Spain’s colonial abuses, prompting a boycott from the Spanish government.

Domestic Policy

Sheinbaum continued López Obrador's tradition of holding morning press briefings. On October 2, 2024, she issued a decree acknowledging the State’s responsibility for the Tlatelolco massacre, delivering a public apology through Secretary of the Interior Rosa Icela Rodríguez.

Crime and Drug War

Sheinbaum introduced a data-driven approach to combat crime, emphasizing improved policing, intelligence, and addressing social issues through increased social spending, similar to her time as Mexico City's head of government. She appointed Omar García Harfuch as the head of the Secretariat of Security and Civilian Protection, a position he previously held in her Mexico City administration. By the end of 2024, she reported significant arrests, drug seizures, and the dismantling of methamphetamine laboratories. Her administration adopted a tougher stance on organized crime, marking a shift from López Obrador’s "hugs, not bullets" strategy, resulting in more confrontations with criminal organizations. By her first 100 days, 7,720 arrests were made, and the government seized 66 tons of drugs.

Energy Policy

On October 30, 2024, Sheinbaum introduced a constitutional amendment that reestablished the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) and Pemex as public entities, reversing the 2013 energy reforms. This amendment ensures that the CFE controls 54% of electricity generation, with private companies managing the remaining 46% under regulated conditions.

Government Reform

Amid the release of a Supreme Court draft opinion challenging López Obrador's judicial reforms, Sheinbaum responded by publishing a bill on October 31, 2024, asserting constitutional supremacy and limiting legal challenges to procedural grounds. In December 2024, she signed a bill dissolving autonomous bodies overseeing telecommunications, economic competition, and transparency, streamlining government functions. The restructuring of several cabinet positions also led to the creation of new departments such as the Secretariat of Women and the Secretariat of Science, Humanities, Technology, and Innovation.

Infrastructure and Passenger Rail

Sheinbaum continued efforts to expand Mexico's passenger rail network, including constitutional amendments that restored the state’s authority to use railway lines for passenger transport. In late 2024, she inaugurated the final sections of the Tren Maya and announced plans to extend the network, which would eventually cover over 3,000 kilometers. She also committed to modernizing six major ports with a MX$33 billion investment.

Welfare

Sheinbaum introduced several welfare programs early in her presidency. These included the Women’s Wellbeing Pension, providing bimonthly financial aid to women aged 60 to 64, and the House to House Health program, offering medical care to the elderly and disabled. She renamed the Benito Juárez Scholarship to the Rita Cetina Gutiérrez Universal Scholarship, expanding it to assist all families with children in public schools. On December 2, 2024, Sheinbaum elevated various social programs to constitutional law. On October 22, 2024, Sheinbaum announced the merger of SEGALMEX and DICONSA into Food for Wellbeing, which aims to support local producers and provide quality food at affordable prices. Over 24,500 DICONSA stores will be rebranded as Wellbeing Stores to Generate Happiness.

 

References

 

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